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keep sb prisoner的疑惑

来源:www.tinghaoxue.com 2025-02-17

Philip,a solitary proof reader, is trapped in his apartment, too afraid to leave andtortured by an unknown evil force that has kept him prisoner for the last twoyears.请教keep sb prisoner是什么结构:

1.这个keep是使役动词接了名词作宾补吗?

2.是不是还可以剖析为prisoner前面省略了as,若是如此,为何能省略as呢?

3.prisoner为何前面没冠词呢?

prisoner这种使用方法是词性活用,即名词用作形容词,故没冠词。此时,它不受名词数的影响。主语或宾语如果是复数,该名词仍然用单数形式,以体现形容词特点。仔细领会网友的句子,kept him prisoner ,宾补在非常大程度上不是名词的意思,而是表达形容词的意思:"使他处于监禁状况的”。除此之外还有一种状况,个别动词是接形容词作表语或宾补,极少接名词时,也会出现这种使用方法。也就是说,当没相应的形容词作表语或宾补的时候。

这种现象在语言学上是存在的,有时比较常见。其实,语言是相通的,英语和汉语都有这个现象。词性活用,有时不是限于 drink water,water the flowers 这些。由于 water 的两种词性,词典上都能查到。

“词性活用”,指某些单词临时改变其语法功能,去充当其它词类及其语法功能,这是比较特殊的现象。现代汉语也有,古时候汉语中的词类活用很常见。这里有几个英语句子。

比如:

Itold him that he should be man enough to admit he had done wrong. 我对他说,他应该勇于承认错误。(man 无冠词,且被 enough 修饰,形容词特点无疑。)

Shedenied that she had turned traitor. 她不承认自己叛变了。(traiter 无冠词,作系动词 turned 的表语,形容词作表语,是检验系动词的主要方法。)

以上两个例句分别来自《牛津》和《柯林斯》,在汉语翻译上,也做了特别处置,不再根据名词的词义翻译了。

【温馨提示】假如我的解答可能引起某些网友的不适,敬请谅解。这里是讨论问题、发表看法、探讨语言的平台。期望多一些耐心和宽容,少一些急躁。期望敬畏语言、珍视语言,在此基础上探寻语言的内在规律,更好地为英语网友们解难答疑。

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